HUANBAOSHUICHULILINGYUDERENDOUZHIDAO，SHUICHULIJIJIUJINGYOUDUOZHONGYAO，SHENGWUCHULIHUANJIEDABUDAODEZHIBIAO，WOMENDOUKEYIYONGTALAIBANDAO。

SHUICHULIJIJIANZHIKEYICHENGZUOSHIWOMENWUSHUICHULIGONGCHENGSHIDE“MINGGENZI”。GUANYUSHUICHULIYAOJIDENEIRONGSHIZAITAIDUO，JINTIANLAIXITONGXINGZONGJIEYIXIAGUANYUSHUICHULIYAOJIDEZHUYAONEIRONG。

一、水处理剂的应用领域

TADEYINGYONGLINGYUSHEJIGONGYEYONGSHUI、SHIZHENG/YINYONGSHUICHULI、WUSHUIFEISHUICHULIYIJIHAISHUIDANHUA。

在工业用水领域中，主要是应用于工业循环水处理和工业锅炉水处理。工业循环水处理使用的药剂主要有阻垢剂、缓蚀剂、杀菌灭藻剂、清洗剂、预膜剂等。工业锅炉水处理的常用方法有锅外水处理和锅内水处理，使用的药剂主要有：缓蚀阻垢剂、除氧剂、给水降碱剂、离子交换剂、再生剂、软化剂、碱度调节剂、清垢剂等。

市政/饮用水处理涉及到的水处理药剂一般有：杀菌灭藻剂、絮凝剂、缓蚀剂等。

污水处理涉及到的水处理药剂一般有絮凝剂、污泥脱水剂、消泡剂、螯合剂、脱色剂等。

海水淡化的主流技术包括蒸馏法和膜法。膜在运用中很容易被堵塞，所以需要在水中添加阻垢缓释剂、清洁剂、絮凝剂、阻垢分散剂等药剂。而蒸馏法容易产生锅垢从而降低蒸发效率，可以向原水中加入聚磷酸盐、有机磷酸，膦基聚羧酸等进行水质软化，对钙，镁离子以及其他金属离子螯合作用使其不易沉淀，阻止水垢的形成。

二、水处理药剂的种类

SHUICHULIJIBAOKUOXUNINGJI、HUANSHIJI、ZUGOUJI、SHASHENGJI、HUANSANJI、QINGXIJI、YUMOJI、XIAOPAOJI、TUOSEJI、AOHEJI、CHUYANGJIJILIZIJIAOLIUSHUZHIDENG。

1、关于絮凝剂

GUANYUXUNINGJIZHANKAILAIJIANGYOUSHIZHANGPIANDALUN，SHUODUOLEBURONGYIJIZHU，SUOYIZONGJIE3DIAN，DIYIDIANSHIXUNINGJIZAIWUSHUICHULILINGYUZHONGZHUYAOSHIYONGLAIQIANGHUAGUYEFENLIDE。DIERDIANSHIKEYISHIYONGTOUJIAZHUNINGJIDEFANGFALAIJIAQIANGXUNINGXIAOGUO。DISANDIANJIUSHIXUNINGJISHIBIANYIERYOUGAOXIAODECHULINFANGFA。

2、关于助凝剂

ZONGJIE2DIAN，DIYIDIANSHIZHUNINGJIDEZUOYONGSHIDIAOJIEHUOGAISHANHUNNINGTIAOJIAN；DIERDIANSHITAKEYIJIADAFANHUALIDU、MIDUHEJIESHIXING。

3、缓蚀阻垢剂

HUANSHIZUGOUJIGUMINGSIYIJIUSHIHUANJIEGUOLUDENGXUNHUANYONGSHUISHEBEIJIEGOU、FUSHIDEYIZHONGSHUICHULIYAOJI。GAIYAOJIYOUJIANXINGWUZHIHEYOUJIFUPEIERCHENG，JIARULEHUANSHIJI，FANGZHISHOUREMIANBEIFUSHI。YAOJIZHONGDEJIANXINGWUZHI，ZAIGUOLUNEITONGGUOHUAXUEFANYING，YUSHUIZHONGDEGAI、MEIYANLEIWUZHIFASHENGFANYINGSHENGCHENGSHUIZHA，CHENDIANHOUTONGGUOPAIWUGONGNENGPAICHUGUOLUWAI，JIANGDISHUIZHONGGAI、MEILIZINONGDU，SHIGUOLUNEIBUSHENGCHENGSHUIGOU。

4、清洗剂

QINGXIJISHIYIZHONGNENGRONGJIESHENTOUYEDEHUIFAXINGRONGJI，YONGYUQUCHUBEIJIANGONGJIANBIAOMIANSHANGDUOYUDESHENTOUYE。YOUXIEQINGXIJITEBIESHEJIZHUANYONGYUQINGCHUJINSHUQINGYANGHUAWU、TANSUANGAIHEQITALEISIDEFUZHEZAIJUXIANAN、JUFENGHEBOMOZUFENMOBIAOMIANDEGOU。ZAIQINGXIJISHIYONGQIANYAOJIANCHAQINGXIGUAN，GUANLUHEBAOANGUOLVQIYIJIANZHUANGXINDELVXIN。

5、杀菌剂

SHAJUNJIZHUYAOSHIXIAOMIEXIJUN、WEISHENGWUDENGYOUHAIXIJUNDEYIZHONGYAOJI。ZAIGUOJISHANG，TONGCHANGSHIZUOWEIFANGZHIGELEIBINGYUANWEISHENGWUDEYAOJIZONGCHENG。

常见技术：

1）SHAJUN、XIAODU：SHUIDEXIAODUFANGFAKEFENWEIHUAXUEHEWULIDELIANGZHONG。WULIXIAODUFANGFAYOUJIAREFA、ZIWAIXIANFA、CHAOSHENGBODENGFA；HUAXUEFANGFAYOUJIALVFA、CHOUYANGFA、ZHONGJINSHULIZIFAYIJIQITAYANGHUAJIFADENG。

2）CIHUA：LIYONGCICHANGXIAOYINGDUIYUSHUIDECHULIZUOYONG，CHENGWEISHUIDECIHUACHULI。

3）JINGMIGUOLVJISHU: YONGTESHUCAILIAOZHICHENGDEWEIKONGLVXIN、LVMO，LIYONGQIJUNYIKONGJING，LAIJIELIUSHUIZHONGDEWEILI、XIJUNDENG，SHIQIBUNENGTONGGUOLVXIN、LVMOERBEIQUCHUJIELIU。JINGMIGUOLVNENGGOUGUOLVWEIMIJI（μm）HUONAMIJI(nm)DEWEILIHEXIJUN。ZAISHUIDESHENDUCHULIZHONGYINGYONGYESHIFENGUANGFAN。

4）CHAOGUOLVJISHU: CHAOGUOLVSHIYIZHONGBOMOFENLIJISHU。JIUSHIZAIYIDINGYALIXIA（YALIWEI0.07-0.7Mpa，BUCHAOGUO1.05Mpa），SHUIZAIMOMIANSHANGLIUDONG，SHUIYURONGJIEYANZAIHEQITADIANJIEZHISHIWEIXIAODEKELI，NENGGOUSHENTOUCHAOLVMO，ERFENZILIANGDADEKELIHEJIAOTIWUZHIJIUBEICHAOLVMOSUOZUDANG，CONGERSHISHUIZHONGDEBUFENWEILIDEDAOFENLIDEJISHU。CHAOLVMODEKONGJINGSHIYOUYIDINGFENZILIANGDEWUZHIJINXINGJIELIUSHIYANCEDINGDE，BINGYIFENZILIANGDESHUZHILAIBIAOSHIDE。

5）CHOUYANG：SHIYIZHONGZAICHANGWENXIACHENGLANSE、YOUTESHUDEYUXINGWEIDEQITI，FENZISHIWEIO3。CHOUYANGJUYOUJIQIANGDEYANGHUAXING。CHOUYANGKESHIXIJUN、ZHENJUNDENGJUNTIDEDANBAIZHIYANGHUA、BIANXING，SHIDIANJIEZHISHIQUZUOYONG，KESHAMIEXIJUNFANZHITIHEYABAO、BINGDU、ZHENJUNDENG，BINGKEPOHUAIROUDUGANJUNJUNDUSU，KEYIQINGCHUHESHAMIEKONGQIZHONG、SHUIZHONG、SHIWUZHONGDEYOUDUWUZHIHEXIJUN，KECHUYIWEI，GUANGFANYINGYONGYUSHIPINSHENGCHANDEXIAODU、MIEJUNDENGGONGXUZHONG。

CHOUYANGZAIXIAODU、MIEJUNGUOCHENGZHONGJINCHANSHENGWUDUDEYANGHUAWU，DUOYUDECHOUYANGZUIZHONGHAIYUANWEIYANG，ZAIBEIXIAODUWUPINSHANGBUCUNZAICANLIUWU，KEZHIJIEYONGYUSHIPINDEXIAODUMIEJUN。

6）LIZIJIAOHUAN: SUOWEILIZIJIAOHUAN，JIUSHISHUIZHONGDELIZIHELIZIJIAOHUANSHUZHISHANGDELIZI，SUOJINXINGDEDENGDIANHEFANYING。YONGH+XINGYANGLIZIJIAOHUANSHUZHIHRHESHUIZHONGNa+JIAOHUANFANYINGGUOCHENGWEILI：HR+Na+=Na++H+。CONGSHANGSHIKEZHI：ZAILIZIJIAOHUANFANYINGZHONG，SHUIZHONGDEYANGLIZI（RUNa）BEIZHUANYIDAOSHUZHISHANGQULE，ERLIZIJIAOHUANSHUZHISHANGDEYIGEKEJIAOHUANDEHZHUANRUSHUIZHONG。NaCONGSHUIZHONGZHUANYIDAOSHUZHISHANGDEGUOCHENGSHILIZIDEZHIHUANGUOCHENG。ERSHUZHISHANGDEHJIAOHUANDAOSHUIZHONGDEGUOCHENGCHENGYOULIGUOCHENG。YINCI，YOUYUYOULIHEZHIHUANGUOCHENGDEJIEGUO，SHIDENaHEHHUHUANWEIZHI，ZHEIYIBIANHUA，JIUCHENGWEILIZIJIAOHUAN。

7）ZIWAIXIAN:GONGDENGZAIDIANRANSHI，NENGGOUFANGSHECHUBOZHANGWEI1400nm-4900nmDEZIWAIXIAN（1nm=10-10m），ZHEIZHONGGUANGXIANNENGCHUANTOUXIJUNDEXIBAOBI，SHASIWEISHENGWU，DADAOXIAODUSHAJUNMUDE。ZIWAIXIANBOZHANGZAI2600nmZUOYOU。

ZIWAIXIANXIAODUZHUYAOYINGYONGYUCHULILIANGXIAODEYINYONGSHUIFANGMIAN。TADETEDIANSHI：SHASHENGNENGLIQIANG，JIECHUSHIJIANDUAN；SHEBEIJIANDAN，CAOZUOGUANLIFANGBIAN，CHULIHOUDESHUIWUSE、WUWEI、WUZHONGDUDEWEIHAI；BUHUIZENGJIAXIANGLVQISHADUSHICHUXIANDELVLIZI。

8）XIFUJINGSHUIJISHU: ZHUYAOZHIHUOXINGTANDENGJUYOUXIFUNENGLIDEWUZHIXIFUJISHU。ZHEILIZHIJIUHUOXINGTANDEYIXIETEDIAN，ZUOJIANYAOJIESHAO：HUOXINGTANGUANGFANYINGYONGYUSHENGHUOYINYONGSHUIJISHIPINGONGYE、HUAGONG、DIANLIDENGGONGYEYONGSHUIDEJINGHUA、TUOQING、CHUYOUHEQUCHOUDENG。TONGCHANG，NENGGOUQUCHU63%-86%JIAOTIWUZHI；50%ZUOYOUDETIE；YIJI47%-60%DEYOUJIWUZHI。